Film developing method and apparatus



April 16, 1935. B. BURNS 1,998,154

FILM DEVELOPING METHOD AND APPARATUS I Fiia April 2s, 1951 e sheets-sheet 1 E. BURNS mgm@ FILE DEVELOPING METHOD4 AND APPARATUS Filed April 25, 1931 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 April 16, 1935. B. BURNS 1,998,154

FILM DEVELOPING METHOD AND APPARATUS Filed April 25, 1951 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 aya Apnl 16, 1935. B. BURNS 1,998,154

FILH DEVELOPING METHOD AND APPARATUS Filed April 25, 1931 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 ewg .50e/vs.,

4free/ve x f IIIIIIIIIIIIIII pa i@ @B B. BURNS 1,9%54

FILM DEVELOPING METHQD AND APPARATUS Filed April 2,5, 1931 6 Sheets-S1168?. 5

April 16, 1935c BURNS 1,998,154

FILM DEVELOPING METHOD AND APPARATUS Filed April 25, 1931 e sheets-sheet 6 Patented pr. 16, 1 935 UNITED STATES FILM DEVELOPING METHOD AND APPARATUS Bruce Burns, Los Angeles, Calif., assignoryby mesne assignments, to Hughes Industries Co. Ltd., Los Angeles, Calif., a. corporation of Dela- Ware Application April 25, 1931, Serial No. 532,805

23 Claims.

My invention relates to equipment for treating motion picture lm, and relates particularly to' a device for carrying out a lm treatment in which the lm is subjected to solutions and gases.

-l' 5 Although my invention maybe used to carry out various treatments, such as coloring, desensitizing, etc., the principal use to which I apply the invention is in the development of motion picture film, and accordingly this disclosure will be principally directed to the form of the invention especially suited for this latter use.

My invention comprehends a simple, eiiiciently operating device employing a minimum of moving f parts subject to wear due to movement, whereby a closely supervised and constant treatment of a film may be performed. In continuous types of developing machines, relatively large numbers of rollers, pulleys, and sprockets are employed, with relatively intricate drive and control means for the sprockets and rollers. My invention accomplishes a pronounced reduction in the number of such parts employed in and likewise the cost of a of tension exerted near the point where the lm leaves the film treating-device. This tension exerting means is preferably situated outside the mechanism performing the last step of the treatment. In a developing machine such as hereinafter described, the last step of the treatment consists of a iilm drier, and following the film drier are pulling means adapted to exert sumcient tension in the film to cause it to move through the developer, intermediate Wash, fixative, nal wash, and drier.

The simplicity of construction and the small number of parts which may frictionally retard the nlm make. it possible to cause movement of the nlm through the entire treating device by use of a tension which is very small as compared with the tension requiredto rupture the lm.

A further object of the invention is to provide a device in which the lm strips are moved through the various treating solutions on edge and in side by side relationship, and a further and important object is to provide in this lm treating device containers for the nlm treating solutions having lm apertures in the wall structures thereof situated below the top of the bodies of liquid within the containers. This novel feature of construction and operation makes it possible to place the containers in horizontal alignment so that the lm strips may pass from one container to another in a straight line Without bending or deiiection thereof, which would require supports, such as rollers.

A further object of the invention is to provide a characteristic lm gate for the containers adapted to receive the hn strips on edge, being so constructed that they will hold the outflow of fluid from the containers at a minimum and will employ this uid for centralization of the lm strips in the lm openings of the gates, this outflowing fluid also serving to lubricate the films as they pass through the apertures of the film gates.

My invention also includes a simple loading device for making it possible to change reels Without interrupting the operation of the device and to load a relatively large number of lms into the lm treating device in a small space. A further object of the invention is to pron vide in a device of this character a means whereby a sample or test strip of nlm may be withdrawn from the device atan intermediate point whereby to determine the results being obtained in the steps of the treatment preceding the vpoint at which the test strip is taken on.

It is an additional object of my invention to provide apparatus of the character shown in which the iiow of the treating uids may be used to assist the passage through the apparatus of the strip of lm being treated.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will .be made evident throughout the iollowing part of the specification. v

Referring to the drawings, which are for illus-u trative purposes only,

Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view showing the general arrangement of treating obers employed in the preferred form of my invention consisting of a. developing device.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged, partly sectioned elevation of the liquid-containing treatment chambers of my invention.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged cross section on a plane represented by the line 3--3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a cross section on a plane represented by the line l-'l of Fig. 3.

5 is a partlyv sectioned, enlarged plan view of one of the two stripsemployed in the movable weir or wall structure of my invention.

Fig.' 6 is an enlarged fragmentary section on view of the loader shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged cross section on a plane represented by the line iii-id of Fig. 9.

Fm. 11 is an emerged. partly sectioned view showing the detent mechanism, with the arms voi the loader in operative position.

Fig. 12 is an enlarged fragmentary section on a plane represented by the line ifi-i2 ci' Fig. 10.

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary plan view showing an alternative form of, loader.

Fig. la is an enlarged cross section on a plane represented by the line id-ii of Fig. 13.v

Fig. 15 is an enlarged longitudinal section on the line iE-ib of Fig. 1, showing the details of my test strip take-on.

Fig. 16 is a section taken on a plane represented by the line lE-iS or 15.

Fig. 17 is a section taken on a plane represented by-the line i'l-il of Fig. 15.

Fig. 18 is a section taken on a plane representedvbyythe line i--i of Fig. 15.

Fig. 19 is a diagrammatic perspective view showing the motivating means situated at the rear end of the drier of my film treating device for pulling the film through the treating device and spooling such nlm.

Fig. 20 is an enlarged section on a plane represented by the line 2li-2t of Fig. 19, showing my improved yieldable and adjustable film pulling sprocket.

In the preferred form of my nlm treating device consisting-of a nlm developing machine, I employ, as schematically shown in Fig. 1, a loader 25, developer 2t, washer 2, iixer 2B, nal washer 29, drier 3d, and take-oil Si. Although it is possible to employ other arrangements of the above parts, I may very satisfactorily practice my Ainvention with the members l to Bi inclusive placed in rectilinear alignment, as shown in Fig. i, as 4 these elements are particularly suitedand adapted for such arrangement. When these parts 25 to 3i inclusive are placed in a straight line.' as

shown in Fig. 1, the motion picture nlms being treated travel from one end of the developing device along straight lines of movement, and therefore do not require supporting pulleys or other supporting means which would frictlonally retard the movement of the film. As shown in Fig. 2 and as further illustrated in detail in Figs. 3 to 7 inclusive, each of the members 2S to 3@ inclusive includes a treating chamber 32 simply constructedin thispractice of my invention by building up bottom and side wall structures 33 and 34 so asto form troughs 35, the front and rear ends of which troughs bare closed by wall or WeirA members de. The bottom wall structure 33 consists of a lower wall member @7, an insulating layer 3e, and ooring de. The ooring d@ and the inner faces of the side walls 36 are covered vrlth'aA material such as sheet rubber el which will not react in the presence of the chemicals contained in the treating solutions employed in the treating chambers or containers 32, the edges (i2 there- -oi being secured to the walls by strips 43 havnegarse molded from a non-reacting material, such as bakelite. These Weir strips are quite long relative to their width, and the ends 55 thereof are tapered and rounded off in the mannerv shown so as to provide sloping approaches for the lms which pass through the openings de between the Weir Vstrips 5d. The Weir strips 54 are centrally reduced in thickness, as shown at 56, and ilat strip areas' 5l are provided at the upper and lower edges of the Weir strips 5d in position to confront the edges of the films el. By centrally reducing the thickness of the Weir strips 54, ample clearance is provided in the openings d6 adjacent the image carrying portions of the emulsions of the films to avoid Vany possibility oi' the images being injured by contact with the walls of the weir strips 5d. 0n the upper faces of the Weir strips 5d an upper plate 5B, substantially identical in construction to the lower plate 50, is placed with its downwardly projecting pins 452 in engagement with the holes 58 in the upper faces of the Weir strips 5cl. Upper cross bars S are placed across the uppe'r plate 58, and the ends of the cross bars 60 are engaged by thc ywedges or iiller members i5 which prevent upward movement of the upper cross bars 60 and hold the entire weir or Wall down with sumcient pressure to prevent its movement in the trough 35 under the conditions encountered in the operation of the device. The pins 52 of the lower and upper plates 50 and 58 space the Weir strips so that the confronting upper and lower edge areas i'thereof are separated suiiiciently to pass a film splice.

Guide means 6l are placed intermediate the Iweirs 3, the number of these guide means employed being controlled by the length of the treating chamber 32 in which they are employed. In a treating chamber of ordinary length two guide means, as shown in Fig. 2, are suiilcient. Each guide means consists of a plurality of spacer members 52 secured by pins 53 which project upwardly from a plate dii having downwardly projecting anges 65 along the edges thereof. The plate iid is supported on blocks 56, and the pins 63. thereof are in such position as to hold the members 62 in staggered relationship in the spaces between the films di. The members 52 are spool-shaped so as to be of reduced diameter intermediate their ends. The enlarged cylindrical ends El of thespacer members 62 are the only parts thereof which may engage the lms lil; therefore, there is no possibility of injuring the image bearing portions of the emulsions by passing them through the spacer members of the guide means. weir strips 5ft and the spacers S2 are preferably in rectilinear alignment so that there is `substantially no lateral deection of the lms as they pass through any one of the treating chambers 32.

While passing through the container 32 of any one of the treating members 28 to 29 inclusive,

vthe lms are immersed in a treating liquid or solution, the level of which is maintained above the upper edges v of the iilms 47, suchas at the level The.;

indicated by the line A-A of Fig. 4. This level of liquid is preferably maintained by continuously feeding liquid into the container 32 from a reservoir 88, such as indicated in Fig. 2,',there being a circulating pump 1U connected to the outlet 'll of the container 6B for forcing a continuous flow of liquid through pipes 'I2 and 12a which connect, as shown in Fig.l 8, with a fitting 'I3 set into the bottozn of the container 32 in a position underneath the plates 64 of the intermediate guide means. The plates $4 then serveas defiectors for changing the vertical iiow of the incoming fluid to a lateral fiow, thus preventing liquid at relatively high velocityvfrom being directed againstv the films 4l. The inflow of liquid is sufficient to compensate for the loss of liquid through the lm openings 46 in the weirs or walls 36, thus maintaining the level A-A substantially constant. Adjacent each Weir 36 a catch basin 14 is formed in the bottom structure 33 of the trough 35, these catch basins l receiving the overfiow liquid which passes out through the weirs and communicating with the reservoir 68 through return pipes 15 connected with the basins, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4. The pipes l5, reservoir 63, pump lil, and pipe i2 or 72a constitute means for returning liquid from the catch basins 14 to the containers 32. The catch basins 14 between the containers 32 of the treating members 26 to 3B inclusive are separated by dividing walls 76 fitted in place with gasket means 1l to prevent leakage from one catch basin to another.

A feature of my invention is that the flow of fiuid through the treating chamber may be employed to effect the movement of the films therethrough. In Fig. 2 I have shown inlet pipes 'l2 and 72a disposed adjacent the ends of the treating chamber of the developer 25 so that the fiow of fluid into the treating chamber may be established at one end or the other of the treat'- ing chamber. For instance, by introducing the fluid through the pipe 12 and constricting the entering gate 36 at the leftward end of the developer 2B so that the leakage therethrough will be relatively small, and also positioning the gate or weir 36 at the rightward end of the developer 26 so that a larger leakage may occur therethrough, a definite flow of fluid may be established in the developer 25 in the direction of movement of the film, this fiow tending to carry the film forwardly, thereby reducing the amount of tension required to pull the lm through the treating device. Where it is desired to retard the movement of the film, the fiuid may be caused to flow through a treating chamber in a direction opposite to the movement of the film. As an example, the fluid may be introduced through the pipe 12a and caused to iiow leftwardly through the developer 26, thereby placing a retarding action on the film.

It will be noted that I have shown reservoirs 68 and circulating systems with each of the treating members 26 to 29 inclusive. The treating member 3i) consists of a drier, and therefore no liquid or solution is-required therein. In this drier 3f! the films are merely conducted through va drying atmosphere consisting of a gaseous uid,

such as air. The air in the drier 3@ is dried and heated before being circulated through the drier.

reaction by moving one or the other of the weirs 35 so as to change the distance which the films must travel through the liquid from one Weir to another. In this manner I am able to vary one of the steps of the treatment without changing the other steps.

My invention employs a novel loader 25 for loading the film treating device, this loader having a hollow table 'i9 connected to the front end of the treating member 2G, this table having a diagonaltubular stub shaft B8 adapted to receive a film.

spool @il thereon, as shown in Figs. 9, l0, and l2, and having a spring means 88 for retaining the spool thereon. The outer extremity of each arm 86 or 87 is provided with a ball or handle 89.

rihe normal position of the film spool supports 83 is vertical, as shown in Ng. 10, and when in such vertical position, each film support 83 holds a film spool Sii, as indicated at gl, in operative position relative to an opening e2 in the top 93 of the forward portion f2@ of the table i9. While a film fil is being unwound from the film spool indicated at 93, a full film spool may be placed as indicated at 3d on the upper stub shaft 88 so that by swinging the lever 84 through an angle of H86", it

will be possible to quickly bring such full film spool into operative position relative to the film opening 92. The preferred procedure is for the operator to note when the film is nearly completely unwound from the film spool and to pull the remaining portion to be unwound from the spool into a basket. The full spool on the upper end of the lever 84 is then swung down into lowered position, and the outer end thereof is secured to the end of the iilm'in the film treating device. tinuously fed into the film treating device without stopping the movement of the film through the various stages thereof.

As shown in Fig. ll, stop means are provided for holding the levers Sil in vertical position, consisting of pins Q5 which are forced resiliently inwardly in the bores 96 of diametrally aligned bosses 9i by springs 98 which are held in place by plugs iii@ s o that theconoidal inner ends lill of the stop or holding pins may consecutively engage an opening or depression IUZAin the shaft t2. The lever 8d may be released for rotation by pulling outwardly on the knob H03 of the forwardly extending pin S5 indicated at HM. In order to frictionally retard the movement of the lever 8d so that it cannot swing freely, I provide a friction plate |05 which rests on the bottom of a bore MS and is forced into frictional engagement with the shaft 82 by means of a resilient body ll adapted to be compressed by a screw plug Hi8 and spacer discs m9. The openings 92 may be equipped with guide rollers i l i, as shown in Fig. 10, and below each opening a pulley H2 is mounted on a horizontal shaft lf3 supported by brackets H.

Under the top 93 of the table "i9, vertical pulleys H5 are disposed along a diagonal center line C-C, as shown in Fig. 9, and, as shown in Figs. 9 and 10, each film Il is conducted downwardly from a film spool 90 under a pulley i 2. The film In this manner new films may be cona cooperating pulley ||5. In passing from the pulley ||2 yto the pulley H5, the nlm is twisted through a quarter turn or -angleof 90, and as it leaves the pulley l i5, as indicated at ||1 in Fig. 9, the nlm is standing on edge and is in alignment with an opening 46 in the front weir of the rst treating member 26 which, in this preferred form of the invention, is the developer.

AThe films t1 are caused to move through the entire treating device by means situated adjacent the outlet of the drier 30, such means being indicated as the take-off 3|, and being adapted to exert tension in the lm so as to cause it to move through the treating device in response to a pulling action. In Fig. 19, which is afragmentary perspective view of a number of films d1 leaving the drier 30, I show pulleys mounted on vertical axes and disposed alonga diagonal center line D D. Each of these films 41 is bent forwardly around its pulley |20 and carried to a horizontal pulley |2|, as indicated at |22, and then is carried vertically, as indicated at |23, over a pulling means or sprocket mounted on a horizontal shaft |25. From the pulling sprocket |20 the film is carried, as indicated at |26, to a spooling means |21- removably carryinga film spool |28 on which the lm is wound asreceived from the pulling sprocket |25. The pulling means |28, as shown in Fig. 20, includes a sleeve |33 which has a radial iiange |35 and a cylindrical wall |35 at the periphery of this flange |36. The sleeve |33 is not keyed or xed to the shaft |25 but is yieldably driven by the frictional engagement of the outer face of the flange |36 with a friction plate 36 carried on a collar |60 which is fixed to the shaft |25 by means of a. set screw ll. To prevent rotation of the friction plate |36 relative to the shaft |25, a pin |62 is extended from the collar into engagement with the leftward portion of the plate 36. The rightward, diametrally reduced end |03 of the sleeve |33 carries a flange washer |66 against which a compression spring 55 bears. Means for placing a desired compression in the spring |65 consists of a collar |66 fixed to the shaft |25 by'means of a set screw |51, a sleeve |58 which is axially movable on the shaft |25 but is prevented from rotation relativethereto by a pin |50 which extends from the sleeve |68 into an opening |51 in the collar |56, and an adjustment nut |52 threaded on the sleeve |58 in a position to engage the wall |53 which surrounds a counterbore |56 in the leftward end of the collar |56. By rotating the nut |52 relative to the sleeve |58, the sleeve |56 may be caused to move axially and thereby vary the compression of the spring |05, which in turn varies the pressure with which the radial wall |35 is forced against the friction plate |36. Surrounding the rightward end of the sleeve |33 is a tubular sprocket member which may rotate relative to the sleeve |33 but is prevented from axial movement thereon by the ring |46 and a shoulder |56 at the rightward end of a diametrally enlarged portion |65 of the sleeve |33. On the diametrally enlarged portion |65 is a clutch member |66 including an inner cylindrical wall |61, a radial wall |56, and an outer cylindrical wall |10 which fits over the cylindrical wall |35 of the sleeve |33. The clutch member |66 is caused to rotate with the sleeve |33 by means of a pin 1| which projects from the radial wall |35 through an opening |12 in the kradial wall |68 of the clutch member. The clutch member |56 carries a pin |13 adapted to engagel one of a plurality of holes |14 in the leftward end is then carried rearwardly, as indicated at H6, to of the sprocket member |55; therefore, by movingv the clutch member |66 rightwardly, the sprocket member |55 may be caused to rotate with the sleeve |33 which is yieldably and frictionally rotated by the shaft |25. It is therefore impossible to exert through the teeth |16 of the sprocket member |55 a tension sufficient to injure or break the im 61. The pull required to move the lms 41 through the entire developing device is but a fraction of the breaking stress of the film, for the films move through the various treatment members 26 to 30 inclusive with a minimum of frictional resistance, this resulting from my simple construction, the motivating action of the unidirectional ow of fluids, the lubrication of the lm strips by liquid which tends to centralize the lm strips in the openings d6 of the weirs 36 as the liquid flows outwardly through the openings 66, and the movement of a greater portion of the film in rectilinear alignment.

The film spool' |28 is mounted on a lever |80 which pivots on a horizontal shaft 8| and is caused to rotate in clockwise direction, when in raised position, by means of an eccentric Weight |82, thus causing the periphery '|83 of the spool |28 to be held in engagement with a grooved driving pulley |86 mounted on a shaft |85. The take-off per se is a distinct and separate inventicn and is disclosed in detail in my copending application entitled Film take-up mechanism, filed April 25, 1931, Serial No. 532,806.

In my invention I provide a means for taking olf a test strip from one of the treating members. Illustrative of this I employ such a test strip takeoi in the projecting part |90 of the treating member 29, the details of such take-off being shown in Figs. 15 to 18 inclusive. As shown in Fig. 15,

thel bottom |9| of the treating member 29 adjacent the projecting portion |90 thereof is downwardlly offset to provide suicient depth to receive a pulling means |92 consisting of a lm spool |93 removably mounted on a stub shaft |94 carried at the lower end of a lever arm |95 which is pivoted, as shown in Figs. 15 and 16, on a bracket |96 and has an adjustable eccentric Weight member |91 connected thereto by means of an extending rod |98, this eccentric weight |91 causing the lever |95 to swing in anti-clockwise direction, when the lever is in lowered position as shown in Fig. 15, whereby to cause the periphery 200 of the lm spool |93 to engage a grooved pulley 20| which is mounted on a shaft 202 adapted to be yieldably driven through a sprocket 203 which is held in frictional engagement with a flange 205 on the outer end of the shaft 202, by a spring 205 which is adjustably'compressed by the use of adjustment nuts 206. The film spool |93 is placed close to the outer wall 201 of the projecting portion |90, and the lm spool is held in alignment with a pulling sprocket 206 adapted to receive the edge or first lm 51' nearest the front wall 2|0 of the treating member 29. From the guide means 2| within the treating member 29, the film indicated at 51 is twisted through a quarter turn and conducted over the sprocket 208, from which -it is directed downwardly around an idler pulley 2 2 and thence to the lm spool |93. The sprocket 208, as shown in Fig. 17, is secured by means of a set screw 2| il to the inner end of the shaft 202 having a drive sprocket 203 on its outer end held in frictional engagement with a ange or friction plate 204 by means of a. spring 205 adjustably compressed by adjustment nuts 206, all being substantially duplicates of the parts shown in Fig. 18 for supporting the grooved pulley 20|. The shafts v venting leakage.

292 are supported in bearing members 2|6 having packing means 2|1 at their inner ends for pre- Thrust collars 2|8 formed on the shafts 202 are received in counterbores 220 at the outer ends of the bearing members 2 6 and are held in such counterbores by caps 22|. The thrust collars keep the shafts 292 from moving axially in the bearing. It will be noted that this test strip take-oli winds the film strip below the surface of the b'ody of liquid |23 in the treating device 29, but the spool |93 may be placed on and removed from the stub shaft |94 above the level of the body of liquid |23, for it is possible to rotate the lever |95 in clockwise direction until the weight |91 engages a stop 225, at which time the lever |95 will be projecting vertically upwardly and the film spool |93 will be above the body of liquid |23 during its placement on and removal from the'stub shaft |9d.

In Figs, l, 9, and l0, I have yshovvn a form of loader for a film treating device in which the supports for the film spools are mounted on a line extending diagonally with respect to the longitudinal center line of the lm treating device. In Figs. 13 and 14 I show a construction of a film loader embodying substantially the same principles as employed in the first form of film loader but in which the supports of the film spools are mounted on a center line X-X which is parallel to the longitudinal center line Y-Y of the film treating device. In this alternative form of the invention primary rollers l corresponding to the rollers ||5 of Figs. 9 and l0, are mounted with their axes vertical and in a diagonal plane C-C', the axes of the rollers l5 being situated at the points where the diagonal plane C-C intersects the planes in which the films di travel in parallelism. These films 4l are con- -ducted to film rollers 23D which are disposed on a horizontal axis D-D. In passing from the rollers H5 to the rollers 239, the films are twisted through an angle of substantially 90, as indicated at 23 Then, as indicated at 232, each film is extended forwardly from the roller 230 to a roller lill situated below an opening 92 through which the lm then extends, as indicated at 233, to a film spool 90 supported by a film spool support 83 of the same construction as described in detail in Figs. l0, ll, and 12.

Although I have herein shown and described my invention in simple and practical form, it is recognized that certain parts or elements thereof are representative of other parts, elements, or mechanisms which may be used in substantially the same manner to accomplish substantially the same results; therefore, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the details disclosed herein but is to be accorded the full scope of the following claims. y

I claim as my invention:

1. A film treating device of the character described, including: a container having a Weir opening below the normal liquid level and in an outside wall thereof; means for moving a film through said Weir opening; and means for supplying liquid to said container.

2. A film treating device of the character described, including: a container having a weir opening below the normal liquid level and in an outside wall thereof; and means for moving a film through said Weir opening by exerting tension on said film. A

3. A film treating device of the character described, including: a container having inlet and outlet Weir openings below the normal liquid level and in outside walls thereof; and means for exerting tension on a film to pull said film through said openings and said container.

4. A film treating device of the character described, including: a container having inlet and outlet weir openings below the normal liquid level and in outside walls thereof; means for exerting tension on a film to pull said film through said openings and said container; and means for adding liquid to said container in sufcient quantity to maintain the liquid level therein above the film in said container.

5. A film treating device of the character described, including: a. container having inlet and outlet weir openings below the normal liquid level and in outside walls thereof; means for exerting tension on a film to pull said film through said openings and said container; and guide means in said container for guiding a film from the inlet opening to the outlet opening of said container.

6. A film treating device of the character described, including: 'a wall structure forming a treating chamber, there being a plurality of narrow, vertically elongated film openings in side by side position in said wall structure for receiving films on edge; and means for moving films through said openings.

7. A film treating device of the character described, including: a wall structure forming a treating cahmber, there being a plurality of narrow, vertically elongated film inlet and outlet openings in side by side position in said wall structure for receiving films on edge; and means for moving films through said inlet openings, the interior of said treating chamber, and said outlet openings.

8. A film treating device of the character described, including: a wall structure forming a treating chamber, there being a plurality of narrow, vertically elongated film openings in side by side position in said wall structure for receiving films on edge; guide means in said treating chamber for guiding said films on edge; and means for moving films through said openings.

9. A film treating device of the character de scribed, including: a wall structure-forming a treating chamber, there beinga plurality of narrow, vertically elongated film inlet and outlet openings in side by side position in said wall structure for receiving films on edge; guide means in said treating chamber for guiding said films on edge; and means for moving lms through said inlet openings, the interior of said treating chamber, and said outlet openings.

10. A film treating device of the character described, including: a plurality of treating members placed in alignment in a horizontal plane, said treating members having confronting walls with rectilinearly aligned relatively narrow vertically elongated film openings therein through which'a film may pass on edge in substantially rectilinear alignment from one end of said film treating device Y to the other; and means for moving said film through said device.

l ll. A film treating device of the character described, including: walls forming a treating chamber, one of said walls being movable with respect to the other walls and having a film vopening therein for receiving a film.

l2. A nlm treating device of the character described, including walls forming a treating chamber having oppositely placed walls each with a film opening therein, one of lsuch walls being movable with respect to the other in a manner to vary the size of said treating chamber.

13. A nlm treating device of the character described, including: a plurality of treating memdescribed, including: forming a body of treating fluid; moving a nlm from outside said body of nuid intosaid body of uid in a plane below the' upper extremity of said body of nuid; moving said nlm within said body of uid; and moving said nlm out of said body of nuid.

l5. A nlm treating method of the character described, including: forming a body of treating fluid; moving a nlm into 'said body of nuid in a plane below the upper extremity of said body of fluid; moving said nlm Within said body of nuid; and moving said nlm out of said body of nuid in a plane below the upper extremity thereof.

16. A nlm treating method of the character described including: forming a body of treating nuid; moving a nlm strip on edge into said body of nuid below the surface level thereof; moving said nlm strip in a longitudinal path through saidnuid; and moving said nlm strip out of said body of nuid.

17. A method of treating a nlm strip which includes: conducting said nlm strip into a walled receptacle containing a treating liquid and having an opening in an outside wall thereof below the level of said liquid adapted to receive said nlm strip; allowing said treating liquid to now out of said opening around said entering nlm strip; pulling said nlm strip through said receptacle in submerged position; and pulling said nlm out of said receptacle.

18. A method of treating a nlm strip which includes: causing said nlm strip to enter a container of treating liquid below the surface level of said liquid; causing said treating liquid to now out oi' said container around said incoming nlm strip; moving said nlm strip through said treating liquid in submerged position; causing said nlm strip to pass out of said container of accenna treating liquid below the surface level" of said liquid while allowing said liquid to now out of said container around said exiting nlm strip; and maintaining the surface level of said treating liquid at substantially the same point throughout the said treatment.

19. A method of treating a nlm strip which includes: pulling said nlm strip on edge into, through and out of a container of treating nuid having relatively narrow vertically-elongated inlet and outlet nlm openings below the surface levell of said treating liquid; allowing said treating liquid to flow out of said container through said inlet and outlet nlm openings while said nlm strip is passing therethrough; and replenishing the supply of treating liquid in said container to compensate for the amount of said liquid which nows out ofsaid nlm openings to v-lfreep the level of said treating liquid at all times above the upper edge of said nlm strip.

A nlm treating device of the character descr 'hed including: a wall structure forming a treatingachamber, there being a relatively narrow vertical@7 elongated nlm opening in said wall structure-adapted to allow a nlm to pass therethrough on edge; and means for moving a nlm through said nlm opening and said treat'- ing chamber. Y

21. A nlm treating device of the character described including: a wall structure forming a treating chamber, there being a relatively narrow vertically elongated nlm inlet opening in one portion of said wall structure and a relatively narrow vertically elongated nlm outlet opening in another portion of said wall structure; and means Vfor moving anlm'longitudinally-on edge through said inlet opening, the interior of said treating chamber and out through said outlet opening.

22. A nlm treating device of the character described including: a walled container one of said walls being formed as a Weir composed of a plurality of centrally reduced weir strips in spaced parallel position to form a plurality of openings in said Weir. Y

23.A A nlm treating nuid container of the character described including: a base; a pair of oppositely facing side walls; and a pair of oppositely facing weirs to vform the end walls of said container each of said `weirs being adapted to g@ 

